7 Oracle Net Listener Parameters (listener.ora)

ADDRESS

Purpose

To specify a single listener protocol address.

Put this parameter under the DESCRIPTION parameter.

Example

listener_name=
 (DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hr-server)(PORT=1521))
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)))

DESCRIPTION

Purpose

To contain listener protocol addresses.

Example

listener_name=
 (DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hr-server)(PORT=1521))
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)))

IP

Purpose

To determine which IP address the listener listens on when a host name is specified. This parameter is only applicable when the HOST parameter specifies a host name.

Values

• FIRST

  Listen on the first IP address returned by the DNS resolution of the host name. If the user wants the listener to listen on the first IP to which the specified host name resolves, then the address must be qualified with (IP=FIRST).

• V4_ONLY

  List only on IPv4 addresses.

• V6_ONLY

  Listen only on IPv6 addresses.

Default

This feature is disabled by default.

Example

listener_name=
 (DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rancode1-vip)(PORT=1522)(IP=V6_ONLY))

QUEUESIZE

Purpose

To specify the number of concurrent connection requests that the listener can accept on a TCP/IP or IPC listening endpoint (protocol address).

Put this parameter at the end of the protocol address with its value set to the expected number of concurrent connection requests.

Default

The default number of concurrent connection requests is operating system specific. The default for the Linux operating system is 110592 (108 KB) bytes.

Usage Notes

The number of concurrent connection requests is dependent on the platform and listener usage scenarios. If the listener is heavily-loaded, then set the parameter to a higher number.

Example

listener_name=
 (DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hr-server)(PORT=1521)(QUEUESIZE=20)))

RECV_BUF_SIZE

Purpose

To specify, in bytes, the buffer space for receive operations of sessions. This parameter is supported by the TCP/IP, TCP/IP with SSL, and SDP protocols.

Put this parameter under the DESCRIPTION parameter or at the end of the protocol address with its value set to the expected number of bytes.

Default

The default value for this parameter is operating system-specific. The default for the Linux operating system is 110592 (108 KB) bytes.

Example

listener_name=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)
       (RECV_BUF_SIZE=11784))
    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)
       (RECV_BUF_SIZE=11784)))
listener_name=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (RECV_BUF_SIZE=11784))
    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)
    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)))

SEND_BUF_SIZE

Purpose

To specify, in bytes, the buffer space for send operations of sessions. This parameter is supported by the TCP/IP, TCP/IP with SSL, and SDP protocols.

Put this parameter under the DESCRIPTION parameter or at the end of the protocol address.

Default

The default value for this parameter is operating system-specific. The default for the Linux operating system is 110592 (108 KB) bytes.

Example

listener_name=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS_LIST=
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)
       (SEND_BUF_SIZE=11280))
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc)
       (SEND_BUF_SIZE=11280))))
listener_name=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS_LIST=
      (SEND_BUF_SIZE=11280))
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521)
      (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))))

CONNECTION_RATE_listener name

Purpose

To specify a global rate that is enforced across all listening endpoints that are rate-limited. When this parameter is specified, it overrides any endpoint-level numeric rate values that might be specified.

Syntax

CONNECTION_RATE_listener_name=number_of_connections_per_second

RATE_LIMIT

Purpose

To indicate that a particular listening endpoint is rate limited. The parameter is specified in the ADDRESS section of the listener endpoint configuration.

Syntax

LISTENER= (ADDRESS_LIST=
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)(RATE_LIMIT=yes))
   )

• When the RATE_LIMIT parameter is set to yes, the end-point is included in the enforcement of a listener-wide connection rate. This is used with the CONNECTION_RATE_listener_name parameter.

• When the RATE_LIMIT parameter is set to a value greater than 0, the rate limit is enforced at that endpoint level.

Examples

The following examples use the CONNECTION_RATE_listener name and RATE_LIMIT parameters.

Example 1

CONNECTION_RATE_LISTENER=10

LISTENER= 
  (ADDRESS_LIST=
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)(RATE_LIMIT=yes))
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1522)(RATE_LIMIT=yes))
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1523))
   )

In the preceding example, the total number of new connections through ports 1521 and 1522 is limited at 10 every second. Connections through port 1523 are not limited and do not count towards the overall rate of 10 connections every second.

Example 2

LISTENER= (ADDRESS_LIST=
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)(RATE_LIMIT=5))
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1522)(RATE_LIMIT=10))
   (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1523))
   )

In the preceding example, the connection rates are enforced at the endpoint level. A maximum of 5 connections are processed through port 1521 every second. The limit for connections through port 1522 is 10 every second. Connections through port 1523 are not limited.

ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_listener_name

Purpose

To restrict run-time administration of the listener.

Setting ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_listener_name=on disables the run-time modification of parameters in listener.ora. That is, the listener refuses to accept SET commands that alter its parameters. To change any of the parameters in listener.ora, including ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_listener_name itself, modify the listener.ora file manually and reload its parameters (using the RELOAD command) for the new changes to take effect without explicitly stopping and restarting the listener.

Default

off

Example

ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_listener=on

CRS_NOTIFICATION_listener_name

Purpose

To set notification. By default, the Oracle Net listener notifies Cluster Ready Services (CRS) when it is started or stopped. These notifications allow CRS to manage the listener in an Oracle Real Application Clusters environment. This behavior can be prevented by setting the CRS_NOTIFICATION_listener_name parameter to off.

Default

on

Values

on | off

DEFAULT_SERVICE_listener_name

Purpose

To enable users to connect to the database without having to specify a service name from the client side.

In Oracle Database 11g, when a client tries to connect to the database the connection request passes through the listener. The listener may be servicing several different databases. If a service name is configured in this parameter, then users may not necessarily need to specify a service name in the connect syntax. If a user specifies a service name, then the listener connects the user to that specific database, otherwise the listener connects to the service name specified by the DEFAULT_SERVICE_listener_name parameter.

Default

There is no default value for the DEFAULT_SERVICE_listener_name parameter. If this parameter is not configured and a user does not specify a fully-qualified service name in the connect syntax, then the connection attempt fails. This parameter only accepts one value.

Example

DEFAULT_SERVICE_LISTENER=sales.us.example.com

INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the time, in seconds, for the client to complete its connect request to the listener after the network connection had been established.

If the listener does not receive the client request in the time specified, then it terminates the connection. In addition, the listener logs the IP address of the client and an ORA-12525:TNS: listener has not received client's request in time allowed error message to the listener.log file.

To protect both the listener and the database server, Oracle recommends setting this parameter in combination with the SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT parameter in the sqlnet.ora file. When specifying values for these parameters, consider the following recommendations:

• Set both parameters to an initial low value.

• Set the value of the INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener_name parameter to a lower value than the SQLNET.INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT parameter.

For example, you can set the INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener_name parameter to 2 seconds and the INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT parameter to 3 seconds. If clients are unable to complete connections within the specified time due to system or network delays that are normal for the particular environment, then increment the time as needed.

Default

60 seconds

Example

INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener=2

SAVE_CONFIG_ON_STOP_listener_name

Purpose

To specify whether run-time configuration changes are saved into the listener.ora file.

When you set the parameter to true, any parameters that were modified while the listener was running using the Listener Control utility SET command are saved to the listener.ora file when the STOP command is issued. When you set the parameter to false, the Listener Control utility does not save the run-time configuration changes to the listener.ora file.

Default

false

Values

true | false

Example

SAVE_CONFIG_ON_STOP_listener=true

SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION

Purpose

To specify whether a client is authenticated using the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).

Default

true

Values

true | false

Usage Notes

The database server authenticates the client. Therefore, this value should be set to false. If this parameter is set to true, then the listener attempts to authenticate the client, which can result in a failure.

Example

SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION=false

SUBSCRIBE_FOR_NODE_DOWN_EVENT_listener_name

Purpose

To subscribe to Oracle Notification Service (ONS) notifications for downed events. By default, the listener subscribes to the ONS node down event on startup, if ONS is available. This subscription enables the listener to remove the affected service when it receives node down event notification from ONS. The listener uses asynchronous subscription for the event notification. Alter this behavior setting SUBSCRIBE_FOR_NODE_DOWN_EVENT_listener_name=off in listener.ora.

Default

on

Values

on | off

WALLET_LOCATION

Purpose

To specify the location of wallets. Wallets are certificates, keys, and trustpoints processed by SSL that allow for secure connections.

Syntax

Oracle wallets on file system:

WALLET_LOCATION=
  (SOURCE=
    (METHOD=file)
    (METHOD_DATA=
       (DIRECTORY=directory)
       [(PKCS11=TRUE/FALSE)]))

Microsoft certificate store:

WALLET_LOCATION=
  (SOURCE=
     (METHOD=mcs))

Oracle wallets in the Microsoft Windows registry:

WALLET_LOCATION=
   (SOURCE=
      (METHOD=reg)
      (METHOD_DATA=
         (KEY=registry_key)))

Entrust wallets:

WALLET_LOCATION=
   (SOURCE=
      (METHOD=entr)
      (METHOD_DATA=
         (PROFILE=file.epf)
         (INIFILE=file.ini)))

Additional Parameters

The following additional parameters are available for WALLET_LOCATION:

• SOURCE: Type of storage for wallets and storage location.

• METHOD: Type of storage.

• METHOD_DATA: Storage location.

• DIRECTORY: Location of Oracle wallets on file system.

• KEY: Wallet type and location in the Microsoft Windows registry.

• PROFILE: Entrust profile file (.epf).

• INIFILE: Entrust initialization file (.ini).

Default

None

Usage Notes

• The key/value pair for Microsoft certificate store (MCS) omits the METHOD_DATA parameter because MCS does not use wallets. Instead, Oracle PKI (public key infrastructure) applications obtain certificates, trustpoints and private keys directly from the user's profile.

• If an Oracle wallet is stored in the Microsoft Windows registry and the wallet's key (KEY) is SALESAPP, then the storage location of the encrypted wallet is HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\WALLETS\SALESAPP\EWALLET.P12. The storage location of the decrypted wallet is HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\WALLETS\SALESAPP\CWALLET.SSO.

Examples

Oracle wallets on file system:

WALLET_LOCATION=  
  (SOURCE=
      (METHOD=file)
      (METHOD_DATA=  
         (DIRECTORY=/etc/oracle/wallets/databases)))

Microsoft certificate store:

WALLET_LOCATION=
   (SOURCE=
     (METHOD=mcs))
   

Oracle Wallets in the Microsoft Windows registry:

WALLET_LOCATION=
   (SOURCE=
     (METHOD=REG)
     (METHOD_DATA=
        (KEY=SALESAPP)))

Entrust Wallets:

WALLET_LOCATION=
   (SOURCE=
     (METHOD=entr)
     (METHOD_DATA=
       (PROFILE=/etc/oracle/wallets/test.epf)
       (INIFILE=/etc/oracle/wallets/test.ini)))

ADR_BASE_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the base directory in to which tracing and logging incidents are stored when ADR is enabled.

Default

The default is ORACLE_BASE, or ORACLE_HOME/log if ORACLE_BASE is not defined.

Values

Any valid directory path to a directory with write permission.

Example

ADR_BASE=/oracle/network/trace

DIAG_ADR_ENABLED_listener_name

Purpose

To indicate whether ADR tracing is enabled.

Usage Notes

When the DIAG_ADR_ENABLED_listener_name parameter is set to on, then ADR file tracing is used. When the DIAG_ADR_ENABLED_listener_name parameter is set to off, then non-ADR file tracing is used.

Default

on

Values

on | off

Example

DIAG_ADR_ENABLED=on

LOGGING_listener_name

Purpose

To turn logging on or off. This parameter is also applicable when non-ADR tracing is used.

Default

on

Values

on | off

Example

LOGGING_listener=on

TRACE_LEVEL_listener_name

Purpose

To turn listener tracing on, at a specific level, or off. This parameter is also applicable when non-ADR tracing is used.

Default

off | 0

Values

• off or 0 for no trace output

• user or 4 for user trace information

• admin or 10 for administration trace information

• support or 16 for Oracle Support Services trace information

Example

TRACE_LEVEL_listener=admin

TRACE_TIMESTAMP_listener_name

Purpose

To add a time stamp in the form of dd-mon-yyyy hh:mi:ss:mil to every trace event in the trace file for the listener. This parameter is used with the TRACE_LEVEL_listener_name parameter. This parameter is also applicable when non-ADR tracing is used.

Default

on

Values

• on | true

• off | false

Example

TRACE_TIMESTAMP_listener=true

LOG_DIRECTORY_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the destination directory of the listener log file. Use this parameter when ADR is not enabled.

Default

ORACLE_HOME/network/log

Example

LOG_DIRECTORY_listener=/oracle/network/admin/log

LOG_FILE_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the name of the log file for the listener. Use this parameter when ADR is not enabled.

Default

listener.log

Example

LOG_FILE_listener=list.log

TRACE_DIRECTORY_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the destination directory of the listener trace file. Use this parameter when ADR is not enabled.

Default

ORACLE_HOME/network/trace

Example

TRACE_DIRECTORY_listener=/oracle/network/admin/trace

TRACE_FILE_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the name of the trace file for the listener. Use this parameter when ADR is not enabled.

Default

listener.trc

Example

TRACE_FILE_listener=list.trc

TRACE_FILELEN_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the size of the listener trace files in kilobytes (KB). When the size is met, the trace information is written to the next file. The number of files is specified using the TRACE_FILENO_listener_name parameter. Use this parameter when ADR is not enabled.

Default

Unlimited

Example

TRACE_FILELEN_listener=100

TRACE_FILENO_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the number of trace files for listener tracing. When this parameter is set along with the TRACE_FILELEN_listener_name parameter, trace files are used in a cyclical fashion. The first file is filled first, then the second file, and so on. When the last file has been filled, the first file is re-used, and so on.

The trace file names are distinguished from one another by their sequence number. For example, if the default trace file of listener.trc is used, and this parameter is set to 3, then the trace files would be named listener1.trc, listener2.trc and listener3.trc.

In addition, trace events in the trace files are preceded by the sequence number of the file. Use this parameter when ADR is not enabled.

Default

1

Example

TRACE_FILENO_listener=3

DYNAMIC_REGISTRATION_listener_name

Purpose

To enable or disable dynamic registration. When set to on, the listener accepts dynamic registration. When set to off, the listener refuses dynamic registration. Static registrations are not affected by this parameter.

Syntax

DYNAMIC_REGISTRATION_listener_name={on|off}

Default

The default value is on. Unless this parameter is explicitly set to off, all registration connections are accepted.

SECURE_CONTROL_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the transports on which control commands are to be serviced.

Syntax

SECURE_CONTROL_listener_name = 
[(]transport1[,transport2, ....,transportn)]

In the preceding syntax, transport1, transport2, and transportn are valid, installed transport protocol names.

Configuration

If the SECURE_CONTROL_listener_name parameter is configured with the list of transport names, then the control commands will be serviced only if the connection is one of the listed transports. Connections arriving by other transport protocols are refused. For example:

SECURE_CONTROL_listener1 = (TCPS, IPC)

In the preceding example, administration requests are accepted only on TCPS and IPC transports.

If no values are entered for this parameter, then the listener accepts any connection on any endpoint.

Example

LISTENER1=
 (DESCRIPTION=
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1522))   )
  SECURE_CONTROL_LISTENER1=tcps

SECURE_REGISTER_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the transports on which registration requests are to be accepted.

Syntax

SECURE_REGISTER_listener_name = 
[(]transport1[,transport2, ....,transportn)]

In the preceding example, transport1, transport2, and transportn are valid, installed transport protocol names.

Configuration

If the SECURE_REGISTER_listener_name parameter is configured with the list of transport names, then only the connections arriving on the specified transports will be able to register the service with the listener. Connections arriving by other transport protocols are refused. For example:

SECURE_REGISTER_listener1 = (TCPS, IPC)

In the preceding example, registration requests are accepted only on TCPS and IPC transports.

If no values are entered for this parameter, then the listener accepts registration requests from any transport.

If this parameter and SECURE_CONTROL_listener_name are configured, then they override the SECURE_PROTOCOL_listener_name parameter.

Example

LISTENER1=
 (DESCRIPTION=
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1522))   )
  SECURE_REGISTER_LISTENER1=tcps

SECURE_PROTOCOL_listener_name

Purpose

To specify the transports on which administration and registration requests are to be accepted.

Syntax

SECURE_PROTOCOL_listener_name = 
[(]transport1[,transport2, ....,transportn)]

In the preceding example, transport1, transport2, and transportn are valid, installed transport protocol names.

Configuration

If this parameter is configured with the list of transport names, then the control commands and service registration can happen only if the connection belongs to the list of transports configured.

If this parameter is not present and neither SECURE_CONTROL_listener_name or SECURE_REGISTER_listener_name are configured, then all supported transports accept control and registration requests.

If the SECURE_CONTROL_listener_name and SECURE_REGISTER_listener_name parameters are configured, then they override the SECURE_PROTOCOL_listener_name parameter.

Example

LISTENER1=
 (DESCRIPTION=
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1522))   )
  SECURE_PROTOCOL_LISTENER1=tcps

Using COST Parameters in Combination

COST parameters can also be used in combination to further control which transports accept service registration and control commands.

In Example 7-2, control commands are accepted only on the IPC channel and the TCPS transport, and service registrations are accepted only on an IPC channel.

LISTENER1=
 (DESCRIPTION=
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1522))   )
  SECURE_CONTROL_LISTENER1=(tcps,ipc)
  SECURE_REGISTER_LISTENER1=ipc

In Example 7-3, control commands are accepted only on the TCPS transport and service registrations are accepted only on the IPC channel.

LISTENER1=
 (DESCRIPTION=
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1521))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))
     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=sales-server)(PORT=1522))   )
  SECURE_CONTROL_LISTENER1=tcps
  SECURE_PROTOCOL_LISTENER1=ipc