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Oracle® Database Administrator's Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2)

Part Number E10595-04
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Examples of Using the Scheduler

This section discusses the following topics:

Examples of Creating Job Classes

This section contains several examples of creating job classes. To create a job class, you use the CREATE_JOB_CLASS procedure.

Example 29-1 Creating a Job Class

The following statement creates a job class:

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB_CLASS (
   job_class_name              =>  'my_class1',
   service                     =>  'my_service1', 
   comments                    =>  'This is my first job class');
END;
/

This creates my_class1 in SYS. It uses a service called my_service1. To verify that the job class was created, issue the following statement:

SELECT JOB_CLASS_NAME FROM DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_CLASSES
WHERE JOB_CLASS_NAME = 'MY_CLASS1';

JOB_CLASS_NAME
------------------------------
MY_CLASS1

Example 29-2 Creating a Job Class

The following statement creates a job class:

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB_CLASS (
   job_class_name             =>  'finance_jobs', 
   resource_consumer_group    =>  'finance_group',
   service                    =>  'accounting',
   comments                   =>  'All finance jobs');
END;
/

This creates finance_jobs in SYS. It assigns a resource consumer group called finance_group, and designates service affinity for the accounting service. Note that if the accounting service is mapped to a resource consumer group other than finance_group, jobs in this class run under the finance_group consumer group, because the resource_consumer_group attribute takes precedence.

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for detailed information about the CREATE_JOB_CLASS procedure and "Creating Job Classes" for further information

Examples of Setting Attributes

This section contains several examples of setting attributes. To set attributes, you use SET_ATTRIBUTE and SET_SCHEDULER_ATTRIBUTE procedures.

Example 29-3 Setting the Repeat Interval Attribute

The following example resets the frequency my_emp_job1 will run to daily:

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_ATTRIBUTE (
   name           =>   'my_emp_job1',
   attribute      =>   'repeat_interval',
   value          =>   'FREQ=DAILY');
END;
/

To verify the change, issue the following statement:

SELECT JOB_NAME, REPEAT_INTERVAL FROM DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
WHERE JOB_NAME =  'MY_EMP_JOB1';

JOB_NAME             REPEAT_INTERVAL
----------------     ---------------
MY_EMP_JOB1          FREQ=DAILY

Example 29-4 Setting Multiple Job Attributes for a Set of Jobs

The following example sets four different attributes for each of five jobs:

DECLARE
 newattr sys.jobattr;
 newattrarr sys.jobattr_array;
 j number;
BEGIN
 -- Create new JOBATTR array
 newattrarr := sys.jobattr_array();

 -- Allocate enough space in the array
 newattrarr.extend(20);
 j := 1;
 FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP
   -- Create and initialize a JOBATTR object type
   newattr := sys.jobattr(job_name => 'TESTJOB' || to_char(i),
                          attr_name => 'MAX_FAILURES',
                          attr_value => 5);
   -- Add it to the array.
   newattrarr(j) := newattr;
   j := j + 1;
   newattr := sys.jobattr(job_name => 'TESTJOB' || to_char(i),
                          attr_name => 'COMMENTS',
                          attr_value => 'Test job');
   newattrarr(j) := newattr;
   j := j + 1;
   newattr := sys.jobattr(job_name => 'TESTJOB' || to_char(i),
                          attr_name => 'END_DATE',
                          attr_value => systimestamp + interval '24' hour);
   newattrarr(j) := newattr;
   j := j + 1;
   newattr := sys.jobattr(job_name => 'TESTJOB' || to_char(i),
                          attr_name => 'SCHEDULE_LIMIT',
                          attr_value => interval '1' hour);
   newattrarr(j) := newattr;
   j := j + 1;
 END LOOP;

 -- Call SET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES to set all 20 set attributes in one transaction
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES(newattrarr, 'TRANSACTIONAL');
END;
/

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for detailed information about the SET_SCHEDULER_ATTRIBUTE procedure and "Setting Scheduler Preferences"

Examples of Creating Chains

This section contains examples of creating chains. To create chains, you use the CREATE_CHAIN procedure. After creating a chain, you add steps to the chain with the DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP or DEFINE_CHAIN_EVENT_STEP procedures and define the rules with the DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE procedure.

Example 29-5 Creating a Chain

The following example creates a chain where my_program1 runs before my_program2 and my_program3. my_program2 and my_program3 run in parallel after my_program1 has completed.

The user for this example must have the CREATE EVALUATION CONTEXT, CREATE RULE, and CREATE RULE SET privileges. See "Setting Chain Privileges" for more information.

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_CHAIN (
   chain_name            =>  'my_chain1',
   rule_set_name         =>  NULL,
   evaluation_interval   =>  NULL,
   comments              =>  NULL);
END;
/
 
--- define three steps for this chain. Referenced programs must be enabled.
BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP('my_chain1', 'stepA', 'my_program1');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP('my_chain1', 'stepB', 'my_program2');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP('my_chain1', 'stepC', 'my_program3');
END;
/

--- define corresponding rules for the chain.
BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE('my_chain1', 'TRUE', 'START stepA');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE (
   'my_chain1', 'stepA COMPLETED', 'Start stepB, stepC');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE (
   'my_chain1', 'stepB COMPLETED AND stepC COMPLETED', 'END');
END;
/

--- enable the chain
BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.ENABLE('my_chain1');
END;
/

--- create a chain job to start the chain daily at 1:00 p.m.
BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB (
   job_name        => 'chain_job_1',
   job_type        => 'CHAIN',
   job_action      => 'my_chain1',
   repeat_interval => 'freq=daily;byhour=13;byminute=0;bysecond=0',
   enabled         => TRUE);
END;
/

Example 29-6 Creating a Chain

The following example creates a chain where first my_program1 runs. If it succeeds, my_program2 runs; otherwise, my_program3 runs.

BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_CHAIN (
   chain_name            => 'my_chain2',
   rule_set_name         => NULL,
   evaluation_interval   => NULL,
   comments              => NULL);
END;
/
 
--- define three steps for this chain.
BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP('my_chain2', 'step1', 'my_program1');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP('my_chain2', 'step2', 'my_program2');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP('my_chain2', 'step3', 'my_program3');
END;
/
 
--- define corresponding rules for the chain.
BEGIN
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE ('my_chain2', 'TRUE', 'START step1');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE (
   'my_chain2', 'step1 SUCCEEDED', 'Start step2');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE (
   'my_chain2', 'step1 COMPLETED AND step1 NOT SUCCEEDED', 'Start step3');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE (
   'my_chain2', 'step2 COMPLETED OR step3 COMPLETED', 'END');
END;
/

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for detailed information about the CREATE_CHAIN, DEFINE_CHAIN_STEP, and DEFINE_CHAIN_RULE procedures and "Setting Scheduler Preferences"

Examples of Creating Jobs and Schedules Based on Events

This section contains examples of creating event-based jobs and event schedules. To create event-based jobs, you use the CREATE_JOB procedure. To create event-based schedules, you use the CREATE_EVENT_SCHEDULE procedure.

These examples assume the existence of an application that, when it detects the arrival of a file on a system, enqueues an event onto the queue my_events_q.

Example 29-7 Creating an Event-Based Schedule

The following example illustrates creating a schedule that can be used to start a job whenever the Scheduler receives an event indicating that a file arrived on the system before 9AM:

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_EVENT_SCHEDULE (
   schedule_name     =>  'scott.file_arrival',
   start_date        =>  systimestamp,
   event_condition   =>  'tab.user_data.object_owner = ''SCOTT'' 
      and tab.user_data.event_name = ''FILE_ARRIVAL'' 
      and extract hour from tab.user_data.event_timestamp < 9',
   queue_spec        =>  'my_events_q');
END;
/

Example 29-8 Creating an Event-Based Job

The following example creates a job that starts when the Scheduler receives an event indicating that a file arrived on the system:

BEGIN
  DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB (
   job_name            =>  my_job,
   program_name        =>  my_program,
   start_date          =>  '15-JUL-04 1.00.00AM US/Pacific',
   event_condition     =>  'tab.user_data.event_name = ''LOW_INVENTORY''',
   queue_spec          =>  'my_events_q'
   enabled             =>  TRUE,
   comments            =>  'my event-based job');
END;
/

See Also:

Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for detailed information about the CREATE_JOB and CREATE_EVENT_SCHEDULE procedures

Example of Creating a Job In an Oracle Data Guard Environment

In an Oracle Data Guard environment, the Scheduler includes additional support for two database roles: primary and logical standby. You can configure a job to run only when the database is in the primary role or only when the database is in the logical standby role. To do so, you set the database_role attribute. This example explains how to enable a job to run in both database roles. The method used is to create two copies of the job and assign a different database_role attribute to each.

By default, a job runs when the database is in the role that it was in when the job was created. You can run the same job in both roles using the following steps:

  1. Copy the job

  2. Enable the new job

  3. Change the database_role attribute of the new job to the required role

The example starts by creating a job called primary_job on the primary database. It then makes a copy of this job and sets its database_role attribute to 'LOGICAL STANDBY'. If the primary database then becomes a logical standby, the job continues to run according to its schedule.

When you copy a job, the new job is disabled, so you must enable the new job.

BEGIN DBMS_SCHEDULER.CREATE_JOB (
     job_name       => 'primary_job',
     program_name   => 'my_prog',
     schedule_name  => 'my_sched');

 DBMS_SCHEDULER.COPY_JOB('primary_job','standby_job');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.ENABLE(name=>'standby_job', commit_semantics=>'ABSORB_ERRORS');
 DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_ATTRIBUTE('standby_job','database_role','LOGICAL STANDBY');
END;
/

After you execute this example, the data in the DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ROLES view is as follows:

SELECT JOB_NAME, DATABASE_ROLE FROM DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ROLES
   WHERE JOB_NAME IN ('PRIMARY_JOB','STANDBY_JOB');

JOB_NAME               DATABASE_ROLE
--------               ----------------
PRIMARY_JOB            PRIMARY
STABDBY_JOB            LOGICAL STANDBY

Note:

For a physical standby database, any changes made to Scheduler objects or any database changes made by Scheduler jobs on the primary database are applied to the physical standby like any other database changes.