10 TimesTen PL/SQL Support: Reference Summary

Assignment statement

Sets current value of a variable, parameter, or element.

          Y

See "PL/SQL variables and constants".

AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION pragma

Marks a routine as autonomous.

          N

TimesTen does not support autonomous transactions.

Block declaration

Basic unit of a PL/SQL source program.

          Y

See "PL/SQL blocks".

CASE statement

Evaluates an expression, compares it against several values, and takes action according to the comparison that is TRUE.

          Y

See "PL/SQL control structures".

CLOSE statement

Closes cursor or cursor variable.

          Y

See Example 2-13, "Using a cursor to retrieve information about an employee" (among others).

Collection definition

Specifies a collection, which is an ordered group of elements, all of the same type.

          Y

Examples include: associative arrays (index-by tables), nested tables, and varrays.

While TimesTen supports these types, it does not support passing them between PL/SQL and applications written in other languages.

See "Using collections".

Collection methods

Built-in subprograms that operate on collections and are called using "dot" notation.

          Y

See "Using Collection Methods" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference. Examples include COUNT, DELETE, EXISTS, EXTEND, FIRST, LAST, LIMIT, NEXT, PRIOR, and TRIM.

Comments

Text included within your code for explanatory purposes.

          Y

Single-line and multi-line comments are supported.

COMMIT statement

Ends the current transaction and makes permanent all changes performed in the transaction.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statement.

See "COMMIT" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

Important: COMMIT and ROLLBACK statements close all cursors in TimesTen.

Constant and variable declarations

Specify constants and variables to be used in PL/SQL code, in the declarative part of any PL/SQL block, subprogram, or package.

          Y

See "PL/SQL variables and constants".

CONTINUE statement

Exits the current iteration of a loop and transfers control to the next iteration.

          Y

See "CONTINUE statement".

Cursor attributes

Appended to the cursor or cursor variable to return useful information about the execution of a data manipulation statement.

          Y

Explicit cursors and cursor variables have four attributes: %FOUND, %ISOPEN, %NOTFOUND, %ROWCOUNT.

The implicit cursor (SQL) has additional attributes: %BULK_ROWCOUNT, %BULK_EXCEPTIONS.

See "Using the %ROWCOUNT and %NOTFOUND attributes" and "Using FORALL with SQL%BULK_ROWCOUNT". Also see "Cursor Attributes" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

Cursor declaration

Declares a cursor. To execute a multi-row query, TimesTen opens an unnamed work area that stores processing information. A cursor lets you name the work area, access the information, and process the rows individually.

          Y

See "Use of cursors in PL/SQL programs".

Cursor variables (REF CURSORs)

Act as handles to cursors over SQL result sets.

          Y

TimesTen supports OUT REF CURSORs, one per statement.

See "PL/SQL REF CURSORs".

DELETE statement

Deletes rows from a table.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statement.

See "DELETE" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

EXCEPTION_INIT pragma

Associates a user-defined exception with a TimesTen error number.

          Y

See "EXCEPTION_INIT Pragma" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

Exception definition

Specifies an exception, which is a runtime error or warning condition. Can be predefined or user-defined.

          Y

Predefined conditions are raised implicitly. User-defined exceptions are raised explicitly by the RAISE statement. To handle raised exceptions, write separate routines called "exception handlers".

See Chapter 4, "Errors and Exception Handling".

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement

Builds and executes a dynamic SQL statement in a single operation.

          Y

TimesTen supports this to execute SQL DML and DDL statements, but not to execute PL/SQL. See "Dynamic SQL in PL/SQL (EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement)".

EXIT statement

Exits a loop and transfers control to the end of the loop.

          Y

See Example 7-3 (among others).

Expression definition

Specifies an expression, which is a combination of operands (variables, constants, literals, operators, and so on) and operators. The simplest expression is a single variable.

          Y

FETCH statement

Retrieves rows of data from the result set of a multi-row query.

          Y

See Example 2-13 (among others).

FORALL statement

Bulk-binds input collections before sending them to the SQL engine.

          Y

See "FORALL and BULK COLLECT operations".

Function declaration and definition

Specifies a subprogram or stored program that can be declared and defined in a PL/SQL block or package and returns a single value.

          Y

A function or procedure must be executed in an anonymous block. It cannot be executed through a CALL statement or from any other SQL statement in TimesTen.

Use the CREATE FUNCTION statement in TimesTen SQL to create stored functions. See "PL/SQL procedures and functions". Also see "CREATE FUNCTION" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

Also see the table entry below for "Procedure declaration and definition".

GOTO statement

Branches unconditionally to a statement label or block label.

          Y

See "GOTO Statement" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

IF statement

Executes or skips a sequence of statements depending on the value of the associated boolean expression.

          Y

See "Conditional control".

INLINE pragma

Specifies whether a subprogram call is to be inline.

          Y

See "INLINE Pragma" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

INSERT statement

Inserts one or more rows of data into a table.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statement.

See "Example using the INSERT statement". Also see "INSERT" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

Literal declaration

Specifies a numeric, character string, or boolean value.

          Y

Examples:

Numeric literal: 135

String literal: 'TimesTen'

LOCK TABLE statement

Locks database tables in a specified lock mode.

          N

TimesTen does not support the LOCK TABLE statement.

LOOP statement

Executes a sequence of statements multiple times. Can be used, for example, in implementing a FOR loop or WHILE loop.

          Y

See Example 2-8, "Using a WHILE loop". Also see "LOOP Statements" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

MERGE statement

Allows you to select rows from one or more sources for update or insertion into a target table.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statement.

See "MERGE" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

NULL statement

A no-operation statement. Passes control to the next statement without performing any action.

          Y

See "NULL Statement" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference. Also, one is used in Example 3-3.

Object type declaration

Specifies a custom object type, which is created in SQL and stored in the database.

          N

Object types are not supported at the database level. For example, CREATE TYPE is not supported.

OPEN statement

Executes the query associated with a cursor. Allocates database resources to process the query, and identifies the result set.

          Y

See Example 2-13, "Using a cursor to retrieve information about an employee".

OPEN-FOR statement

Executes the SELECT statement associated with a cursor variable (REF CURSOR). Positions the cursor variable before the first row in the result set.

          Y

See Example 3-4, "Fetch rows from result set of a dynamic multirow query".

Package declaration

Specifies a package, which is a database object that groups logically related PL/SQL types, items, and subprograms.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statements CREATE PACKAGE and CREATE PACKAGE BODY.

See "SQL Statements" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference for information about these statements. Also see "PL/SQL packages".

Procedure declaration and definition

Specifies a subprogram or stored program that can be declared and defined in a PL/SQL block or package and performs a specific action.

          Y

A procedure or function must be executed in an anonymous block. It cannot be executed through a CALL statement or from any other SQL statement in TimesTen.

Use the CREATE PROCEDURE statement in TimesTen SQL to create stored procedures. See "PL/SQL procedures and functions". Also see "CREATE PROCEDURE" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

Also see the table entry above for "Function declaration and definition".

RAISE statement

Stops normal execution of a PL/SQL block or subprogram and transfers control to an exception handler.

          Y

See "Using the RAISE statement".

Record definition

Defines a record, which is a composite variable that stores data values of different types (similar to a database row).

          Y

See "Using records".

RESTRICT_REFERENCES pragma

Asserts that a subprogram (usually a function) in a package specification or object type specification does not read or write database tables or package variables.

          N

TimesTen ignores this.

RETURN statement

Immediately completes the execution of a subprogram and returns control to the invoker. Execution resumes with the statement following the subprogram call.

          Y

See "RETURN Statement" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

RETURNING INTO clause

Specifies the variables in which to store the values returned by the statement to which the clause belongs.

          Y

TimesTen clause.

See "RETURNING INTO clause" and "Examples using RETURNING INTO".

ROLLBACK statement

Undoes database changes made during the current transaction.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statement.

See "ROLLBACK" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.

Important: COMMIT and ROLLBACK statements close all cursors in TimesTen.

%ROWTYPE attribute

Provides a record type that represents a row in a database table.

          Y

See Example 2-2.

SAVEPOINT statement

Names and marks the current point in the processing of a transaction.

          N

TimesTen does not support savepoints.

SELECT INTO statement

Retrieves values from one row of a table (SELECT) and then stores the values in either variables or a record. With the BULK COLLECT clause (discussed in Table 10-2 below), this statement retrieves an entire result set at once.

          Y

See Example 2-3, "Using SELECT INTO to assign values to variables". Also see "Querying Data with PL/SQL" in Oracle Database PL/SQL Language Reference.

SERIALLY_REUSABLE pragma

Indicates that package state is needed only for the duration of one call to the server.

          N

TimesTen does not support the SERIALLY_REUSABLE pragma.

SET TRANSACTION statement

Begins a read-only or read/write transaction.

          N

TimesTen does not support the SET TRANSACTION statement.

SQL cursor

Either explicit or implicit, is used to handle the result set of a SELECT statement.

          Y

See "Use of cursors in PL/SQL programs".

SQLCODE function

Returns number code of the most recent exception.

          Y

Given the same error condition, error codes returned by the built-in function SQLCODE are the same in TimesTen as in Oracle, although the SQLERRM returns may be different.

This is also noted in "TimesTen error messages and SQL codes".

SQLERRM function

Returns the error message associated with the error-number argument.

          Y

Given the same error condition, error messages returned by the built-in function SQLERRM are not necessarily the same in TimesTen as in Oracle, although SQLCODE returns are the same.

This is also noted in "TimesTen error messages and SQL codes".

%TYPE attribute

Lets you use the data type of a field, record, nested table, database column, or variable in your own declarations, rather than hardcoding the data type. Particularly useful when declaring variables, fields, and parameters that refer to database columns.

          Y

See "PL/SQL variables and constants".

UPDATE statement

Updates the values of one or more columns in all rows of a table or in rows that satisfy a search condition.

          Y

TimesTen SQL statement.

See "UPDATE" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database SQL Reference.